“The Indian Ocean Dipole remains in a neutral phase, while the Madden-Julian Oscillation is also not favouring the formation of weather systems that bring rain,” he said. Mr. Rama Rao explained that most monsoon activity is currently concentrated over northern India, resulting in subdued rainfall across Telangana over the past few days. The July spell helped reduce the seasonal rainfall deficit. Telangana received 11.5 cm of rainfall in June against the normal 13 cm, a deficit of 12%. El Niño can intensify and prolong marine heatwaves in the northern Indian Ocean, affecting marine ecosystems, coral reefs and fisheries, warned scientists.