The president delivered a speech, and the American R&B band Boyz II Men gave a surprise performance at the reception. Chan, a professor of world politics at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London, added: “Not just a one-party state, but an authoritarian party state and an oligarchic party state.’’ Mnangagwa’s vice president, Constantino Chiwenga, criticised Tagwirei for “buying” his way into the party and warned of “bloodshed” if the term extension went through. The vice president accused the men of betraying the country’s revolutionary values. Mugabe removed Mnangagwa from his post as vice president in November 2017, and a coup followed a week later.