The pact built on a Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement signed by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia in September 2025, which contained a similar mutual-defence commitment. Significance of the Makkah Joint Defence AgreementThe Makkah Joint Defence Agreement was the latest step in longstanding military and strategic cooperation between Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Türkiye. For Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, the trilateral pact built on their Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement signed in September 2025. Read More: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Turkiye sign joint defence pact in MakkahThe three countries already had extensive military links. In 2023, Saudi Arabia agreed to purchase Turkish drones in what Ankara described as its largest defence export contract.