Issues such as feed and fodder shortages, dependence on a narrow export basket, and infrastructure gaps are the major stumbling blocks for the livestock management and fisheries sectors in the country, according to the Economic Survey tabled in Parliament on Thursday (January 29, 2026). However, it pointed out that feed and fodder shortages, which account for a significant share of milk production costs, are the most critical constraint, as livestock growth has outpaced fodder expansion, thereby increasing input costs. “This is because the area under fodder crops is estimated at 9.13 million hectares, accounting for about 4.61% of the gross cropped area. Within the livestock sector, the Survey noted, growth has been supported by measures that include indigenous technological capabilities to accelerate genetic improvement, reduce costs for farmers, and enhance herd quality. India has consolidated its status as a major global seafood supplier, exporting to over 130 countries, the survey said.