Deeply influenced by the traditional culture of pre-modern Anhui Province, these two villages, Xidi and Hongcun, were built by successful officials or merchants returning home from official appointments and business, and gradually developed into models of conventional Chinese village construction. Criteria (iii) : The villages of Xidi and Hongcun are graphic illustrations of a type of human settlement created during a feudal period and based on a prosperous trading economy. Xidi and Hongcun are, without a doubt, ideal sites for contemporary society to seek its history, and to research traditional village culture. Protection and management requirements“Xidi and Hongcun” are State Priority Protected Sites, National Famous Historic and Cultural Villages. These measures have all provided legal and administrative conservation for the authenticity and integrity of Xidi and Hongcun.