Almost in tandem, Russia and China have expanded their hostilities with Taiwan and Ukraine, respectively, to allies of each. Both Beijing and Moscow have used gray zone tactics for years. Meanwhile, in the Taiwan Strait, Chinese jets buzzed warships from Australia and Canada that were navigating the waterway. “Most definitions of the gray zone key on the uncertain political and operational space between war and peace, Kardon wrote. He added that China’s gray zone actions “typically include some combination” of:People’s Republic maritime law enforcement vessels enforcing Chinese maritime law and implementing maritime and boundary policies.