Test results showed that while the KD supported weight control, it also raised blood cholesterol levels and led to fatty liver in males. KD-fed mice developed severe glucose intolerance because the diet caused a severe impairment in insulin secretion from the pancreas. While female mice on KD seemed fine, the male ones showed signs of liver dysfunction and fatty liver. This is especially important for making the ketogenic diet safer for people who rely on it to treat epilepsy. More information: Molly R. Gallop et al, A long-term ketogenic diet causes hyperlipidemia, liver dysfunction, and glucose intolerance from impaired insulin secretion in mice, Science Advances (2025).