Immune cells can migrate to sites of infection or form precise, short-lived contacts with other cells, by constantly reshaping their actin cytoskeleton. Defects in individual actin-regulatory proteins result in immune-related actinopathies, a significant cause of inborn errors of immunity (IEIs). Prof. Boztug explains. In future research projects, mouse models may help distinguish defects caused directly by actin mutations from those influenced by other factors. More information: Loïc Dupré et al, Immune-related actinopathies at the cross-road of immunodeficiency, autoimmunity and autoinflammation, Nature Reviews Immunology (2025).