By improving baseline risk factors, GLP-1 drugs may contribute to mortality improvements over time, saving millions from premature death. The report’s optimistic scenario depends on a broad uptake of GLP-1 therapies and people adhering to treatment. Without these changes, studies have shown that weight regain and rebound effects are common, with full weight regain possible within a year after patients discontinue these drugs. Swiss Re’s modelling also presents more cautious outcomes. Under these conditions, Swiss Re sees much more limited improvements, with US cumulative mortality reductions of just 2.3%, and 1.8% for the UK by 2045.