For example, does it make a difference to foreign investment levels or to the South African defence industry? In terms of the USD to ZAR exchange rate, it has been noted by IG that the 2019 budget speech and the subsequent Moody’s ratings review for South Africa could affect the Rand. Zane Cleophas of the National Defence Industry Council made the point in 2018 that South African defence spending had dropped by R21 billion in the last 27 years.