Ministers and senior officials from G20 member states and invited countries gathered in Tshwane, South Africa, on 23 September 2025, for the G20 Research and Innovation Ministerial Meeting. The meeting, held under the theme "Science, Technology and Innovation for Solidarity, Equality and Sustainability", reaffirmed the critical role of international cooperation in science, technology and innovation (STI) to address urgent global challenges. Delegates emphasised that no country could thrive in isolation, and committed to building inclusive, ethical and sustainable STI ecosystems. A visit to the Square Kilometre Array Observatory site in the Northern Cape was also arranged to showcase this international research infrastructure. Delegates commended South Africa's leadership and expressed anticipation of continued progress under the United States G20 Presidency in 2026.