Beyond the parades, Beijing and Moscow’s deepening strategic partnership – described by some as a “quasi-alliance” – has produced a striking convergence in their World War II narratives, especially those involving Japan. Russia Enters the “History Wars”First of all, Japan now confronts a new rival in the region’s “history wars”: Russia. China and Japan thus formed a de facto “anti-hegemony” alliance against the Soviet Union in the 1960s-1980s. The Impact on Today’s FlashpointsFinally, a China-Russia narrative alignment on World War II could spill over into many other geopolitical flashpoints directly linked to Japan’s national security and interests. Some examples are already evidence: increasingly frequent China-Russia military drills or joint patrols in the East and South China Seas surrounding Japan.