With the release of the 2024 HarmonyOS NEXT version, and the subsequent 5.0 version, HarmonyOS has shifted to a “single framework” at the application layer, with the core now entirely based on Huawei’s proprietary HongMeng kernel. In this report, we will reveal the true nature of HarmonyOS NEXT from a security research perspective, focusing on key aspects such as “single framework” application development, permission management, the Internet of Everything (IoE), kernel architecture, and syscalls.