Even with growing awareness of gender equality and gender bias across the world, women still struggle to be heard and to take on leadership positions, even if they possess the character and skills to perform the job. Research by Perhimpunan Pengembangan Media Nusantara (PPMN), or the Indonesia Association for Media Development, found that the main obstacle for women journalists in their country is the current systems and structures of media organizations that do not allow women to advance their careers. Since traditional gender norms box women in domestic work, for example, women are not given chances to step up to leadership roles because they are expected to still perform their duties as mothers or wives, she said.