The agreement provides Saudi Arabia with a Pakistani nuclear umbrella to deter any Israeli attack against Saudi Arabia. Military threatsIn the context of the agreement, the word “aggression” can refer to military, cyber, and terrorist attacks. In fact, Modi was in Saudi Arabia on the day terrorists carried out the horrific Pahalgam terrorist attack. Depth of Saudi-Pakistan relationsThe Saudi statement refers to the “close defence cooperation” between Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. This has notably included the stationing of Pakistani troops in Saudi Arabia for its defence.