However, as shown in the figure below, when two carriers with different amplitudes (or phase shifts or frequencies) combine, they create a wave with an amplitude (or phase shift or frequency) that differs from both of the original carriers. Again, the $Q$ term is used for any of the following three signals: the negative sine wave: $-\sin (\omega t)$ the amplitude-modulated negative sine wave: $-Q_m \sin (\omega t)$ the amplitude riding over this negative sine: $Q_m$ (the most common usage in signal processing) On a similar note, benefits of I/Q processing appear where phase relationships are important such as spectral efficiency in wireless communication systems, efficient implementation of modulation and demodulation whether in amplitude, phase or frequency, flexible frequency shifting,…