It was a time when great empires such as Egypt, the Hittites, and Mycenaean Greece extended their influence through diplomacy, warfare, and economic expansion. The fall of Troy, known in ancient Greek as Ίλιος (Ilios), is estimated to have occurred around the late Bronze Age, with modern scholars often placing it between 1250 BCE and 1180 BCE. Advances in radiocarbon dating and dendrochronology (tree-ring dating) have also provided new insight that occasionally challenges traditional historical dating, leading to further refinements in Egypt's timeline.