To the average person looking at a price chart, they will see a bunch of seemingly random bars that mean nothing, but the price action trader sees the message that the footprint of money (price action) on the charts is telling them. Notice in the chart below that price moved from a period of choppy / sideways (small range) price action to a strong breakout, then a pull back to the trading range midpoint, before an uptrend took hold and carried price higher for months… Yet, many traders continue to trade (and lose their money) because they don’t know how to interpret the language of price action properly, which was clearly telling them the market was entering a period of more difficult to trade PA.