Samuel Hayim Brody in the Boston Review:Mizrahi , a Hebrew word meaning “Eastern,” is used in the State of Israel to refer to Jews from Muslim-majority countries. It has never made much sense to describe the Jews of Iraq, for example—millennia-old communities with no connection to Spain or Portugal—as Sephardi. Instead, Mizrahi is an artifact of Israeli history, yoking together Jews with divergent histories in Tunisia, Yemen, and Iraq as they underwent similar experiences of immigration. In The Arab Jews: A Postcolonial Reading of Nationalism, Religion, and Ethnicity (2006), Yehouda Shenhav translates Mizrahi as “Oriental,” succinctly capturing the affects and attitudes that he and other opponents hear in it. As an alternative, “Arab Jews” has a subversive quality.