The Biden administration took its first major swipe at Vladimir Putin on Tuesday, coordinating with the European Union on a slate of sanctions on Kremlin officials close to the Russian president in retaliation for the poisoning and jailing of Alexei Navalny, Mr. Putin’s most prominent domestic critic. Rep. Michael T. McCaul of Texas, the ranking Republican on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, praised the response to the Navalny affair but said Mr. Biden should have gone further with sanctions against companies constructing Russia’s Nord Stream 2 pipeline to Germany, which Mr.