This explicit charge to use grantmaking to support policy reform reflects a key tension for private foundations: many seek to affect broad policy change, but they are prohibited by law from funding political activities that are necessary for that change. The result is that foundations that want to influence policy provide funds primarily to educate the public about a policy problem or to generate research to support foundations’ preferred policy solutions. We found that, for organizations whose operating budgets aren’t overly reliant on foundation support, sponsored activities like research and outreach can be supplemented by other funding sources to help support more direct mobilization.