“Jews in the United States have felt a special responsibility to protect and aid Israel,” Jack Wertheimer, professor of American Jewish history at the Jewish Theological Seminary, wrote in a landmark 2008 chapter in the American Jewish Yearbook. A Pew Research Center survey released in 2021 found that nearly three in five American Jews avowed that they are very or somewhat emotionally attached to Israel – a sentiment held by majorities in all of the largest U.S. Jewish denominations, though Orthodox Jews (at a rate of 82 per cent) and Conservative Jews (at 78 per cent) were far more likely to share that view than Reform Jews (at 58 per cent).