There were also new insights on hominin interactions, firstly Neanderthals, Denisovans, and their interactions with modern humans, as well as clues at interactions between hominins over 1 million years ago – always a hot topic! Rather than looking at Neanderthal DNA in modern humans, a study from July by Liming Li and colleagues12 took the opposite approach and investigated modern human DNA in ancient Neanderthals. Given the geological age and what early human fossils have already been found in this area, the team determined these tracks were most likely left by Homo erectus, the earliest hominin with a gait essentially the same as modern humans.