In the report, leading Russian Sinologists analyze major trends in China’s economic and foreign policy development through to 2049—the centenary of the PRC—and explore potential scenarios for China’s role on the global stage, as well as the course Russia might consider most beneficial based on current projections. Given that China has officially been the world’s second-largest economy after the United States for several years, the forecast focuses on what to expect from the country’s economic development in light of various internal and external challenges. As a result, it’s possible that by 2035, China could reach the level of Russian and American strategic nuclear arsenals, as defined by the START-3 treaty, bringing China’s total to around 1,500 nuclear warheads,” the authors suggest.