7Therefore, in this chapter, I seek to outline the theoretical and historical differences between Marxism and anarcho-Populism (or anarchism), in the context of Imperial and post-revolutionary Russia. Through an in-depth historical account, I will contrast anarcho-Populism from Marxism and Marxism-Leninism in theory, and discuss the intimately related tragedies of the First International and of the Russian Revolution. Anarchists still served as the left after the October 1917 Revolution, when the Bolsheviks seized State power. Voline 1975; Orlando Figes and Boris Kolonitskii, Interpreting the Russian Revolution: The Language and Symbols of 1917 (New Haven: Yale Univ. T. E. Hulme and J. Roth (Mineola, NY: Dover, 2004), 135; Richard Stites, Revolutionary Dreams: Utopian Vision and Experimental Life in the Russian Revolution (Oxford: Oxford Univ.