Cattle did not exist in America until the 15th century when the first domestic animals were introduced after European colonization. The results of this genetic analysis also indicate that both the level of diversity and the contribution of breeds from other continents vary greatly among Creole cattle populations in different regions. The authors explain that “our results confirm the predominant origin in Iberian cattle breeds, but also point to the important contribution of cattle from other regions. Specifically, in this work several genetic markers collected from an unprecedented number of cattle have been analyzed. In total, there were almost 5,000 individuals from more than 100 populations, including Creole cattle from the Americas and breeds from Spain and Portugal, continental Europe, the United Kingdom, Africa and India.