No group of human beings will ever be up to the task of managing a large corporation. There's too much corruption, waste and destructive subjectivity. Corporate board positions and officer titles were meant to be roles. CEO is a statutory role created for tax purposes--not a job description. The efficiency ratio of pay-to-productivity for senior management and board members has now become ridiculously low. The problem with "bad apple" directors isn't that they have a bad attitude, the real problem is that boards of directors exist in the first place. The longest lived companies have replaced nearly all human judgement with risk analysis and market analysis. In other words, statistics--and therefore computers--are much better at running companies than people. In the face of these facts, upper management's (inclusive of boards) only possible contribution is unintentional corporate sabotage, by mistaken directives and misappropriation of finances on exorbitant payrolls.