And in the interim period, Russia had been devastated by two world wars, a civil war and a Polish invasion while the US mainland had not been touched by war whilst greatly benefitting from war production and its post-WW2 unipolar moment. With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the US tightened the blockade even more to deepen the economic travails of the “Special Period” of the 1990s as the Cuban economy collapsed without Soviet trade and aid. The administration’s “maximum pressure” campaign against Cuba includes a crude oil and cooking gas blockade (threatening sanctions against any country that exports oil to Cuba), while also tightening even more the economic sanctions; Cuba only produces about one third of the oil that it consumes.