I’ve spent my career as a psychologist studying how belief works, and I’ve traveled to places like North Korea and Rwanda to understand how propaganda shapes what people accept as true. The conclusion of that research became my book, Inner Propaganda: the most sophisticated propaganda operation you will ever encounter is the one running inside your own head. For every option on the table, including the option of doing nothing, map short-term benefits, long-term benefits, short-term costs and long-term costs.