Training status is not simply an administrative concern. A national clarification of neonatology’s legal and training status could help reduce ambiguity between regions, particularly for doctors moving between institutions or for hospitals developing referral networks for high-risk pregnancies and critically ill newborns. Across Europe and elsewhere, neonatal care has developed through multiple routes, including pediatrics, intensive care, perinatal medicine and hospital-based subspecialization. Subject of Research: The legal recognition and professional training status of neonatology in SpainArticle Title: Clarification on the legal and training status of Neonatology in SpainArticle References: Fernandez-Colomer, B., Rite-Gracia, S. Clarification on the legal and training status of Neonatology in Spain. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02860-1Image Credits: AI GeneratedDOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02860-1Keywords: neonatology, neonatal medicine, Spain, medical training, healthcare law, pediatric medicine, neonatal intensive care, professional regulation, premature infants