The easy explanation is that Saudi Arabia, fearing strategic encirclement, is tightening relationships with key Sunni Muslim powers to confront the Iranian challenge. But discussions for the Mecca defence deal began in March when the three met in Riyadh at an Islamic summit, whereas the Houthis activated only four months later. Wariness of Israeli expansionism is becoming pervasive in the West Asian region, including in Saudi Arabia, which once considered joining the Abraham Accords. Ties with Saudi Arabia have been affected by Riyadh’s attempts to encroach on the regional hub status enjoyed by the financial centre of Dubai. Pakistani Defence Minister Khawaja Asif has called for more Muslim nations to join the Mecca accord and stand together “along the lines of Nato”.