The federal government is fighting to claw back tariff refunds that a trade court ordered it to pay—even to companies that never sued to get them. In its appeal, government lawyers point to a case that went before the Supreme Court in June 2025, over birthright citizenship. The majority of tariff refunds have already been paid out. At issue are companies that paid tariffs that went through the customs process and entries were finalized. There’s a congressional rule that the CBP cannot reprocess tariffs for which the administrative refund process is no longer available.