On August 7, 2026, a trilateral mutual defence agreement was signed between Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan in Mecca. The mutual defence clause reflects Article 5 of the Nato agreement. After 1947, while India chose nonalignment during the Cold War, Pakistan accepted military alliances with the US and Britain. Pakistan since then has aligned with China as both countries want to contain India while keeping their outstanding disputes alive. Saudi Arabia and Turkey are unlikely to openly join Pakistan if India undertakes such an operation again.