Another 60 million visits outside the region could face higher costs and disruption due to reduced aviation capacity. Higher fuel consumption, increased insurance costs, fuel-price volatility and reduced capacity have put pressure on airline finances. The air-cargo industry is also facing higher costs as businesses look for alternatives to disrupted maritime trade routes. Pakistan has also faced the impact, with travellers and airlines experiencing higher costs, longer journeys and schedule disruptions on international routes. The ongoing US-Iran conflict is creating significant challenges for global aviation, with airspace restrictions and longer flight routes increasing airline operating costs.