Asked what business leaders most often misunderstand about AI, Gelsinger argued that every breakthrough ultimately rests on semiconductors. Related:The Switch Is the Bottleneck: Why AI Infrastructure Has a Network Problem“There ain’t no compute without chips sitting underneath it,” he said. His work has centered on four priorities for AI: infrastructure, efficiency, energy, and economics. Despite unprecedented investment in AI infrastructure, he argued that the cost of producing intelligence remains far too high. For data center operators, the message was clear: The next phase of AI will not be won simply by deploying more GPUs.