Indeed, suppression of Ecrg4 expression normalized the spine phenotype in neurons derived from schizophrenia-associated mouse models. This method enabled us to compare spine phenotypes across different mouse models objectively and group disease models based on similarities and differences in the spine population. Previous in vivo two-photon imaging studies reported higher spine turnover in the hippocampus than the cortex (Pfeiffer et al., 2018; Attardo et al., 2015). Therefore, the spine phenotype identified in this study may be specific to hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Further, this method could facilitate comparisons across a large number of mouse models harboring mutations associated with mental disorders.