A formal complaint filed by the San Francisco Public Defender’s Office identifies the officers as Officer Jonathan Zepeda and Officer Vinesh Govindbhai. The Public Defender’s Integrity Unit filed the DPA complaint on Ludwig’s behalf May 28, 2025, and the DPA completed its investigation Feb. 19, 2026. The Public Defender’s complaint states Ludwig’s vehicle was effectively blocked by cars in front of him and the officers’ vehicle behind him. Ludwig’s left arm was pinned beneath him after he was pulled to the pavement, according to the Public Defender’s Office. Brian Cox, who leads the Public Defender’s Integrity Unit, said the case reflects a broader pattern.