Antisemitism is a common thread across otherwise very different extremist ideologies, from jihadists and white supremacists to anti-government extremists, the Royal Commission on Antisemitism and Social Cohesion has heard. Barracosa said the nature of youth extremism had changed significantly since NSW established its youth justice countering violent extremism framework in 2018. “If you were to go online today, you would have no trouble finding violent extremist material,” he said. The Commonwealth is testing ways of reaching people before their involvement with extremist material progresses further. A TikTok pilot has redirected users engaging with or searching for violent extremist material towards information and professional support.