Though it should seem evident that Israel needs nuclear weapons to deter enemy weapons of mass destruction, much remains uncertain about the country’s[v] nuclear deterrence of enemy weapons that are neither nuclear nor biological. [xlvii]In looking over nuclear weapons and nuclear deterrence, Israeli planners should pay close attention to the assumption of rationality. Nuclear Warfighting Options ClarifiedIn principle, at least, Israel needs nuclear weapons for possible nuclear war fighting. In the final analysis, even nuclear weapons, nuclear strategy and nuclear doctrine will not adequately safeguard Israel. Though prospects for deliberate nuclear war ought never to be downplayed, it is nuclear war by accident or inadvertence that warrants exceptional attention.