New evidence, particularly from helium isotope measurements in northern Tibet, is reshaping the scientific narrative of plate collisions and mountain-building. The Delamination Theory: A New Geological BreakthroughFor decades, the tectonic collision between India and Eurasia has been seen as a driver of some of the Earth’s most impressive geological phenomena. This “delamination” process could explain the unusual elevation of Tibet and the presence of high concentrations of helium-3 in certain Tibetan springs. The earthquake patterns suggest that mantle material is pushing upwards from the eastern side of the plateau, further supporting the delamination theory. Plate Geometry and the Role of Plate ThicknessOne of the key factors that could be driving this delamination process is the geometry of the Indian Plate.