Decades of selective breeding and intensive agricultural practices have reshaped cattle genetics — often at the expense of valuable diversity preserved in traditional herds — according to new research from Aberystwyth University in Wales. Traditional cattle herds often carry unique genetic profiles that provide resilience against disease, fertility advantages, or adaptability to challenging environments. “By studying and conserving these traditional herds, we can safeguard traits such as disease resistance, fertility, and adaptability to harsh environments. The authors conclude that conserving traditional cattle populations is both a cultural responsibility and a practical necessity. Traditional breeds offer us a chance to reintroduce resilience and adaptability into cattle populations.