Inventing ELIZA (Review)2026-08-10This year is the 60th anniversary of Joseph Weizenbaum’s article “ELIZA—A Computer Program For the Study of Natural Language Communication Between Man and Machine”. The DOCTOR script became the paradigmatic example of a chatbot and ELIZA was re-implemented many times. A team of eight multidisciplinary scholars (“Team ELIZA”) have written an expansive historical study of the creation of ELIZA, how it was designed and implemented, its impact, and latter development of chatbots to the present day. Inventing ELIZA Book CoverInventing ELIZA: How The First Chatbot Shaped the Future of AI. Negatively, the book is often repetitious, reminding the reader of Weizenbaum’s background and the distinction between ELIZA and DOCTOR.