He knows subalpine forests are on the leading edges of climate change — and that this Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi) didn’t belong. When he returned with a team last summer to search other peaks for more Jeffrey pines, they found hundreds. “No one has ever dug up a [Jeffrey pine] cache because no one has ever tried to follow a Clark’s nutcracker from the Jeffrey pine to the cache.” California has seen huge impacts from it already, and the Jeffrey pine is both fire-adapted and drought tolerant. The pairing of Clark’s nutcrackers with Jeffrey pines isn’t one that climate models foresaw or remote sensing detected.