3 % of all death sen­tences imposed since 1972 were reversed because of pros­e­cu­to­r­i­al mis­con­duct or result­ed in an exoneration. Of the 202 total death row exon­er­a­tions, at least 144 , or rough­ly 70 %, involved pros­e­cu­to­r­i­al mis­con­duct specif­i­cal­ly (a sub­set of the broad­er ​ “ offi­cial mis­con­duct” cat­e­go­ry, which also includes police and oth­er government misconduct). Prosecutorial mis­con­duct can include the ille­gal exclu­sion of peo­ple of col­or from juries, in vio­la­tion of Batson v. Kentucky . All-white and near­ly all-white juries have been found to be more con­vic­tion-prone and more like­ly to impose death sen­tences. Exonerations take longer in cas­es involv­ing offi­cial mis­con­duct because of ongo­ing efforts by gov­ern­ment offi­cials to hide mis­con­duct and false tes­ti­mo­ny or accu­sa­tions.