Cat-and-mouse game: Exiled journalists and media outlets are exposed to malicious web activity at a rate four times higher than media organizations overall. While Cloudflare did not attribute these attacks on exiled media to governments or state-aligned actors, they mirror well-documented patterns of digital transnational repression. A Persistent Problem: Cloudflare’s findings are consistent with Freedom House’s research on the digital and physical intimidation of exiled journalists. In a 2023 report, Freedom House traced incidents of physical transnational repression against journalists to at least 26 governments. This means that systematic, government-funded support and training is needed to combat the threat posed globally by digital transnational repression.