Yet despite this service, Roma Ukrainian refugees continue facing discrimination within Ukraine and beyond in Europe. Further east, within Russia, Tatars, the country’s second-largest ethnic group, continue to grapple with a different question: What does homeland mean for a people scattered across continents, with no single territory uniting them? His main photo also features the Ukrainian flag, highlighting the dual identities that many Ukrainian Roma carry. Marginalization and discrimination of Roma refugeesBefore February 2022, Ukraine’s Roma population already faced severe barriers to citizenship, housing, education, healthcare, and employment. Tatars are the second-largest ethnic nation in the Russian Federation, yet there is no single place that all Tatars call home.