For much of the past half-century, energy security was defined largely by supply: how much energy a country could secure, from where, and at what cost. Geopolitical shocks, supply disruptions, and climate extremes have made clear that energy security is no longer only about fuel availability. Seeking resilienceFrom my years at the International Renewable Energy Agency, I learned that countries do not strengthen energy security through supply alone. This is especially important for emerging markets, where the need for energy security is acute, and constraints can drive ingenuity. But if we are serious about energy security, support must also reach innovators proving what is possible locally.