A University Is Not a SignboardA university does not become a serious university merely because legislation establishes it and buildings carry its name. Germany maintains conventional universities alongside universities of applied sciences and dual programmes that integrate academic learning with substantial company experience and vocational training. Singapore connects universities, polytechnics, technical education and lifelong reskilling closely to manpower requirements and economic competitiveness. Change What We ValueThis may be the most difficult reform of all because it requires changing not merely institutions but aspirations. Once we begin asking that question, the distinction between the universities we need and the universities we merely create becomes much clearer.