As of now, the alliance is only between three countries, but its members could increase in future, with Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan saying Egypt could join Mecca Joint Defence Agreement. According to Fidan, the agreement will not remain limited to Türkiye, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan, and will grow over time to "bring all countries under this umbrella". The alliance remains particularly crucial for Saudi Arabia, which has been facing strikes by Iran-backed militias from Iraq and the Houthis in Yemen. Iran has also expressed concerns over the pact, but has threatened Saudi Arabia, saying the agreement won't be able to ensure lasting peace for the Kingdom. However, regional observes and analysts believe trio will unlikely target Iran if it strikes Saudi Arabia.