Holland, then a Spanish territory, fought a ten-year battle to attain religious freedom and independence. Jewish law had continued to hold forth a different model than the law of Rome, to which civilization had deferred. Religious uniformity on these points alone was all the uniformity that was required. Again and again, it would be seized and burnt, in the belief that at last religious uniformity would result. In believing religious freedom comes from turning away from religion, we have erred.